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The Resource Regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth, Jaladanki N. Rao and Jian-Ying Wang, (electronic book)

Regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth, Jaladanki N. Rao and Jian-Ying Wang, (electronic book)

Creator
Contributor
Summary
The mammalian gastrointestinal mucosa is a rapidly self-renewing tissue in the body, and its homeostasis is preserved through the strict regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, growth arrest, and apoptosis. The control of the growth of gastrointestinal mucosa is unique and, compared with most other tissue in the body, complex. Mucosal growth is regulated by the same hormones that alter metabolism in other tissues, but the gastrointestinal mucosa also responds to a host of events triggered by the ingestion and presence of food within the digestive tract. These gut hormones and peptides regulate the growth of the exocrine pancreas, gallbladder epithelium, and the mucosa of the oxyntic gland region of the stomach and the small and large intestines. Luminal factors (nutrients or other dietary factors, secretions, and microbes), which occur within the lumen and distribute over a proximal-to-distal gradient, are also crucial for the maintenance of the normal gut mucosal growth and could explain the villous height-crypt depth gradient and variety of adaptations since these factors are diluted, absorbed, and destroyed as they pass down the digestive tract. Recently, intestinal stem cells and polyamines are shown to play an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth under physiological and various pathological conditions. In this chapter, we highlight key issues and factors that control gastrointestinal mucosal growth, with special emphasis on the mechanisms through which epithelial renewal is regulated by polyamines at the cellular and molecular levels
Language
eng
Work
Publication
Extent
1 electronic text (viii, [105] p.)
Contents
  • Introduction --
  • Intestinal architecture and development -- Mucosal wall architecture -- Development and functions -- Esophagus -- Stomach -- Small intestine -- Large intestine --
  • Characteristics of gut mucosal growth --
  • Intestinal stem cells -- ISCs and their niches -- Signaling pathways regulating ISCs -- Wnt signaling pathway -- BMP pathway -- Notch pathway --
  • Role of GI hormones on the gut mucosal growth -- Gastrin -- Cholecystokinin -- Secretin -- Somatostatin -- Ghrelin -- Bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide -- Other GI hormones --
  • Peptide growth factors in GI mucosal growth -- EGF family -- TGF-b family -- IGF family -- FGF family -- Other factors --
  • Luminal nutrients and microbes in gut mucosal growth -- Luminal factors -- Microbes in health and mucosal growth -- Dietary supplements --
  • Polyamines in the regulation of mucosal growth -- Polyamine metabolism -- Polyamines stimulate mucosal growth by enhancing gene transcription -- Polyamines regulate epithelial renewal by altering expression of protooncogenes -- Polyamines are required for protooncogene transcription -- Possible mechanisms of action of the polyamines -- Induced mRNA stabilization and growth arrest after polyamine depletion -- Polyamine depletion stabilizes p53 -- Polyamines modulate JunD mRNA stability -- Polyamine depletion stabilizes TGF-b mRNA and activates Smad signaling -- Polyamines regulate apoptosis by altering the stability of ATF-2 and XIAP mRNAs -- Polyamines modulate the stability of mRNAs via the RNA-binding protein HuR -- Polyamines modulate subcellular trafficking of HuR -- Induced cytoplasmic HuR binds to target mRNAs in polyamine-deficient cells -- Induced HuR stabilizes its target mRNAs in polyamine-deficient cells -- mRNA translation by polyamines --
  • Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Author biographies
Isbn
9781615041329
Instance
Label
Regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth
Title
Regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth
Statement of responsibility
Jaladanki N. Rao and Jian-Ying Wang
Creator
Contributor
Subject
Language
eng
Summary
The mammalian gastrointestinal mucosa is a rapidly self-renewing tissue in the body, and its homeostasis is preserved through the strict regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, growth arrest, and apoptosis. The control of the growth of gastrointestinal mucosa is unique and, compared with most other tissue in the body, complex. Mucosal growth is regulated by the same hormones that alter metabolism in other tissues, but the gastrointestinal mucosa also responds to a host of events triggered by the ingestion and presence of food within the digestive tract. These gut hormones and peptides regulate the growth of the exocrine pancreas, gallbladder epithelium, and the mucosa of the oxyntic gland region of the stomach and the small and large intestines. Luminal factors (nutrients or other dietary factors, secretions, and microbes), which occur within the lumen and distribute over a proximal-to-distal gradient, are also crucial for the maintenance of the normal gut mucosal growth and could explain the villous height-crypt depth gradient and variety of adaptations since these factors are diluted, absorbed, and destroyed as they pass down the digestive tract. Recently, intestinal stem cells and polyamines are shown to play an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth under physiological and various pathological conditions. In this chapter, we highlight key issues and factors that control gastrointestinal mucosal growth, with special emphasis on the mechanisms through which epithelial renewal is regulated by polyamines at the cellular and molecular levels
Member of
Cataloging source
CaBNVSL
http://library.link/vocab/creatorName
Rao, Jaladanki N
Dewey number
616.33
Illustrations
illustrations
Index
no index present
LC call number
QP145
LC item number
.R267 2011
Literary form
non fiction
Nature of contents
  • dictionaries
  • abstracts summaries
  • bibliography
http://library.link/vocab/relatedWorkOrContributorName
Wang, J.-Y.
Series statement
Colloquium series on integrated systems physiology, from molecule to function
Series volume
15
http://library.link/vocab/subjectName
  • Gastrointestinal mucosa
  • Gastrointestinal Tract
  • Mucous Membrane
Target audience
  • adult
  • specialized
Label
Regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth, Jaladanki N. Rao and Jian-Ying Wang, (electronic book)
Instantiates
Publication
Bibliography note
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-104)
Carrier category
online resource
Carrier category code
  • cr
Carrier MARC source
rdacarrier
Color
multicolored
Content category
text
Content type code
  • txt
Content type MARC source
rdacontent
Contents
  • Introduction --
  • Intestinal architecture and development -- Mucosal wall architecture -- Development and functions -- Esophagus -- Stomach -- Small intestine -- Large intestine --
  • Characteristics of gut mucosal growth --
  • Intestinal stem cells -- ISCs and their niches -- Signaling pathways regulating ISCs -- Wnt signaling pathway -- BMP pathway -- Notch pathway --
  • Role of GI hormones on the gut mucosal growth -- Gastrin -- Cholecystokinin -- Secretin -- Somatostatin -- Ghrelin -- Bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide -- Other GI hormones --
  • Peptide growth factors in GI mucosal growth -- EGF family -- TGF-b family -- IGF family -- FGF family -- Other factors --
  • Luminal nutrients and microbes in gut mucosal growth -- Luminal factors -- Microbes in health and mucosal growth -- Dietary supplements --
  • Polyamines in the regulation of mucosal growth -- Polyamine metabolism -- Polyamines stimulate mucosal growth by enhancing gene transcription -- Polyamines regulate epithelial renewal by altering expression of protooncogenes -- Polyamines are required for protooncogene transcription -- Possible mechanisms of action of the polyamines -- Induced mRNA stabilization and growth arrest after polyamine depletion -- Polyamine depletion stabilizes p53 -- Polyamines modulate JunD mRNA stability -- Polyamine depletion stabilizes TGF-b mRNA and activates Smad signaling -- Polyamines regulate apoptosis by altering the stability of ATF-2 and XIAP mRNAs -- Polyamines modulate the stability of mRNAs via the RNA-binding protein HuR -- Polyamines modulate subcellular trafficking of HuR -- Induced cytoplasmic HuR binds to target mRNAs in polyamine-deficient cells -- Induced HuR stabilizes its target mRNAs in polyamine-deficient cells -- mRNA translation by polyamines --
  • Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Author biographies
Control code
201103ISP015
Dimensions
unknown
Extent
1 electronic text (viii, [105] p.)
File format
multiple file formats
Form of item
electronic
Isbn
9781615041329
Media category
computer
Media MARC source
rdamedia
Media type code
  • c
Other physical details
ill., digital file
Reformatting quality
access
Specific material designation
remote
System details
System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader
Label
Regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth, Jaladanki N. Rao and Jian-Ying Wang, (electronic book)
Publication
Bibliography note
Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-104)
Carrier category
online resource
Carrier category code
  • cr
Carrier MARC source
rdacarrier
Color
multicolored
Content category
text
Content type code
  • txt
Content type MARC source
rdacontent
Contents
  • Introduction --
  • Intestinal architecture and development -- Mucosal wall architecture -- Development and functions -- Esophagus -- Stomach -- Small intestine -- Large intestine --
  • Characteristics of gut mucosal growth --
  • Intestinal stem cells -- ISCs and their niches -- Signaling pathways regulating ISCs -- Wnt signaling pathway -- BMP pathway -- Notch pathway --
  • Role of GI hormones on the gut mucosal growth -- Gastrin -- Cholecystokinin -- Secretin -- Somatostatin -- Ghrelin -- Bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide -- Other GI hormones --
  • Peptide growth factors in GI mucosal growth -- EGF family -- TGF-b family -- IGF family -- FGF family -- Other factors --
  • Luminal nutrients and microbes in gut mucosal growth -- Luminal factors -- Microbes in health and mucosal growth -- Dietary supplements --
  • Polyamines in the regulation of mucosal growth -- Polyamine metabolism -- Polyamines stimulate mucosal growth by enhancing gene transcription -- Polyamines regulate epithelial renewal by altering expression of protooncogenes -- Polyamines are required for protooncogene transcription -- Possible mechanisms of action of the polyamines -- Induced mRNA stabilization and growth arrest after polyamine depletion -- Polyamine depletion stabilizes p53 -- Polyamines modulate JunD mRNA stability -- Polyamine depletion stabilizes TGF-b mRNA and activates Smad signaling -- Polyamines regulate apoptosis by altering the stability of ATF-2 and XIAP mRNAs -- Polyamines modulate the stability of mRNAs via the RNA-binding protein HuR -- Polyamines modulate subcellular trafficking of HuR -- Induced cytoplasmic HuR binds to target mRNAs in polyamine-deficient cells -- Induced HuR stabilizes its target mRNAs in polyamine-deficient cells -- mRNA translation by polyamines --
  • Summary and conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Author biographies
Control code
201103ISP015
Dimensions
unknown
Extent
1 electronic text (viii, [105] p.)
File format
multiple file formats
Form of item
electronic
Isbn
9781615041329
Media category
computer
Media MARC source
rdamedia
Media type code
  • c
Other physical details
ill., digital file
Reformatting quality
access
Specific material designation
remote
System details
System requirements: Adobe Acrobat reader

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